The 2024 Bangladesh Student Movement

The 2024 Bangladesh Student Movement:

A Battle for Democracy and Justice There was a turning page in the country's political history in 2024, when a movement led by students, or what came to be known as the "July Revolution," challenged long-standing powers and reshaped the country's democratic landscape.

Origins of the Movement:

The demonstrations began at the beginning of July when the Supreme Court upheld a controversially contested 30% recruitment quota for freedom fighter descendants, overruling a 2018 reform. This decision sparked across-the-nation protests by the Students Against Discrimination (SAD), a group that advocates for merit-based hiring in public sector positions.

Escalation into a National Uprising:

Initially peaceful demonstrations were replaced by violent clashes following the brutal crackdown by the government. During July Massacre, which was between the 16th of July and the 5th of August, over 1,000 individuals were killed with some putting the figure at 1,400+. Government brutality, including baton charge, tear gases, and use of firearms, kindled outrage among individuals.

Symbol of Resistance: Abu Sayed

The campaign gained momentum after the tragic killing of Abu Sayed, a 23-year-old Rangpur student, who was shot dead by police while protesting on July 16. His death galvanized the nation, earning him the "Bangladesh's Tank Man" nickname, symbolizing the struggle against authoritarianism.

 The Fall of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina:

The long-standing demonstrations culminated in the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on August 5, 2024. She fled abroad amid escalating violence and popular demands for accountability. The military, led by General Waker-uz-Zaman, announced the formation of an interim government with Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus as chief adviser.

The Five-Point Demand:

 In October 2024, SAD issued a five-point manifesto demanding the repealing of the 1972 constitution, overthrow of President Mohammad Shahabuddin, prohibition of the Bangladesh Chhatra League, nullification of the 2014, 2018, and 2024 elections, and the declaration of a new republic. The interim government reacted by prohibiting the Chhatra League, which announced a determination to reform.

 

Aftermath and Current Struggles:

 The interim government, led by Dr Muhammad Yunus, has the daunting task of restoring democratic institutions, punishing perpetrators, and addressing the country's deep-rooted corruption and inequality issues. The movement has sparked a new debate on how to govern, with civil society and students demanding transparency, accountability, and real democratic reforms.

Conclusion:

The Bangladesh 2024 student movement is an indication of the potential of youth activism to topple authoritarian regimes. It stresses the importance of engagement in civic life and the ongoing struggle for justice and democracy. As the nation continues on into this new political era, the legacy of the July Revolution continues to serve as an inspiration to future generations as they maintain the ideals of liberty and equality.